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1/11 L6219 march 2006 1features able to drive both windings of bipolar stepper motor output current up to 750ma each winding wide voltage range 10v to 46v half-step, full-step and microstepp- ing mode built-in protection diodes internal pwm current control low output saturation voltage designed for unstabilized motor supply voltage internal thermal shutdown 2 description the L6219 is a bipolar monolithic integrated cir- cuits intended to control and drive both winding of a bipolar stepper motor or bidirectionally control two dc motors. the L6219 with a few external components form a complete control and drive circuit for ls-ttl or mi- croprocessor controlled stepper motor system. the power stage is a dual full bridge capable of sustaining 46v and including four diodes for cur- rent recirculation. a cross conduction protection is provided to avoid simultaneous cross conduction during switching current direction. an internal pulse-width-modulation (pwm) con- trols the output current to 750ma with peak startup current up to 1a. wide range of current control from 750ma (each bridge) is permitted by means of two logic inputs and an external voltage reference. a phase input to each bridge determines the load current direc- tion. a thermal protection circuitry disables the out- puts if the chip temperature exceeds safe operating limits. stepper motor driver figure 2. block diagram rev. 11 fi gure 1. p ac k ages table 1. order codes ecopack (1) (1) lead free package. to order these kinds of products, add the ?e-? prefix before the respective part numbers (eg. e-xxxxx). part number package e- L6219 pdip-24 e- L6219ds so-24 e- L6219ds013tr so-24 in tape & reel pdip-24 (20+2+2) so-24 (20+2+2)
L6219 2/11 figure 3. so-24/pdip-24 pins connection (top view) table 2. pin description note: esd on gnd, v s , v ss , out 1a and out 2a is guaranteed up to 1.5kv (human body model, 1500 ? , 100pf). pdip;so pin name function 1;2 output a see pins 5;21 3;23 sense resistor connection to lower emitters of output stage for insertion of current sense resistor 4;22 comparator input input connected to the comparators. the voltage across the sense resistor is feedback to this input throught the low pass filter rc cc. the higher power transistors are disabled when the sense voltage exceeds the reference voltage of the selected comparator. when this occurs the current decays for a time set by r t c t (t off = 1.1 r t c t ). see fig. 4. 5;21 output b output connection. the output stage is a "h" bridge formed by four transistors and four diodes suitable for switching applications. 6;19 ground see pins 7;18 7;18 ground ground connection. with pins 6 and 19 also conducts heat from die to printed circuit copper. 8;20 input 0 see input 1 (pins 9;17) 9;17 input 1 these pins and pins 8;20 (input 0) are logic inputs which select the outputs of the comparators to set the current level. current also depends on the sensing resistor and reference voltage. see functional description. 10;16 phase this ttl-compatible logic inputs sets the direction of current flow through the load. a high level causes current to flow from output a (source) to output b (sink). a schmitt trigger on this input provides good noise immunity and a delay circuit prevents output stage short circuits during switching. 11;15 reference voltage a voltage applied to this pin sets the reference voltage of the comparators, this determining the output current (also thus depending on rs and the two inputs input 0 and input 1). 12;14 rc a parallel rc network connected to this pin sets the off time of the higher power transistors. the pulse generator is a monostable triggered by the output of the comparators (toff = 1.1 r t c t ). 13 v ss - logic supply supply voltage input for logic circuitry 24 v s - load supply supply voltage input for the output stages.
3/11 L6219 table 3. absolute maximum ratings table 4. thermal data (*) with minimized copper area. symbol parameter value unit v s supply voltage 50 v i o output current (peak) 1 a i o output current (continuous) 0.75 a v ss logic supply voltage 7 v v in logic input voltage range -0.3 to +7 v v sense sense output voltage 1.5 v t j junction temperature +150 c t op operating temperature range -20 to +85 c t stg storage temperature range -55 to +150 c symbol parameter pdip so unit r thj-case thermal resistance junction-case max. 14 18 c/w r thj-amb thermal resistance junction-ambient max. 60 (*) 75 (*) c/w table 5. electrical characteristcs (t j = 25c, v s = 46v, v ss = 4.75v to 5.25v, v ref = 5v; unless otherwise specified) see fig. 6 symbol parameter test condition min. typ. max. unit output drivers (out a or out b ) v s motor supply range 10 46 v i cex output leakage current v out = vs; v out = 0 - - <1 <-1 50 -50 a a v ce(sat) output saturation voltage sink driver, i out = +500ma sink driver, i out = +750ma source driver, i out = -500ma source driver, i out = -750ma - - - - 0.3 0.7 1.1 1.3 0.6 1 1.4 1.6 v v v v i r clamp diode leakage current v r = 50v - <1 50 a v f clamp diode forward voltage sink diode source diode i f = 750ma 1 1 1.5 1.5 v v i s(on) driver supply current both bridges on, no load - 8 15 ma i s(off) driver supply current both bridges off - 6 10 ma control logic v in(h) input voltage all inputs 2.4 - - v v in(l) input voltage all inputs - - 0.8 v i in(h) input current v in = 2.4v - <1 20 a i in(l) input current v in = 0.84v - -3 -200 a v ref reference voltage operating 1.5 - 7.5 v i ss(on) total logic supply current i o = i 1 = 0.8v, no load - 64 74 ma i ss(off) total logic supply current i o = i 1 = 2.4v, no load - 10 14 ma
L6219 4/11 figure 4. comparators v ref / v sense current limit threshold (at trip point) i o = i 1 = 0.8v 9.5 10 10.5 - i o = 2.4v, i 1 = 0.8v 13.5 15 16.5 - i o = 0.8v, i 1 = 2.4v 25.5 30 34.5 - t off cutoff time r t = 56k ? c t = 820pf - 50 s t d turn off delay fig. 4 - 1 s protection t j thermal shutdown temperature - 170 - c table 5. electrical characteristcs (continued) (t j = 25c, v s = 46v, v ss = 4.75v to 5.25v, v ref = 5v; unless otherwise specified) see fig. 6 symbol parameter test condition min. typ. max. unit
5/11 L6219 3 functional description the circuit is intended to drive both windings of a bipolar stepper motor. the peak current control is generated through switch mode regulation.there is a choice of three different current levels with the two logic inputs i 01 - i 11 for winding 1 and i 02 - i 12 for winding 2. the current can also be switched off completely. 3.1 input logic (i 0 and i 1 ) the current level in the motor winding is selected with these inputs. (see fig. 5). if any of the logic inputs is left open, the circuit will treat it has a high level input. 3.2 phase this input determines the direction of current flow in the windings, depending on the motor connections. the signal is fed through a schmidt-trigger for noise immunity, and through a time delay in order to guarantee that no short-circuit occurs in the output stage during phase-shift.high level on the phase input causes the motor current flow from out a through the winding to out b 3.3 current sensor this part contains a current sensing resistor (r s ), a low pass filter (r c , c c ) and three comparators.only one comparator is active at a time. it is activated by the input logic according to the current level chosen with signals i o and i 1 .the motor current flows through the sensing resistor rs.when the current has increased so that the voltage across r s becomes higher than the reference voltage on the other comparator input, the comparator goes high, which triggers the pulse generator. the max peak current imax can be defined by: 3.4 single-pulse generator the pulse generator is a monostable triggered on the positive going edge of the comparator output.the monostable output is high during the pulse time, toff , which is determined by the time components rt and ct. t off = 1.1 r t c t the single pulse switches off the power feed to the motor winding, causing the winding current to decrease dur- ing t off . if a new trigger signal should occur during t off , it is ignored. 3.5 output stage the output stage contains four darlington transistors (source drivers) four saturated transistors (sink drivers) and eight diodes, connected in two h bridge. table 6. i 0 i 1 current level h h no current l h low current 1/3 i o max h l medium current 2/3 i o max l l maximum current i o max i max v ref 10r s ------------- - =
L6219 6/11 figure 5. principle operating sequence the source transistors are used to switch the power supplied to the motor winding, thus driving a constant cur- rent through the winding.it should be noted however, that is not permitted to short circuit the outputs. internal circuitry is added in order to increase the accuracy of the motor current particularly with low current lev- els. 3.6 v s , v ss , v ref the circuit will stand any order of turn-on or turn-off the supply voltages v s and v ss . normal dv/dt values are then assumed. preferably, v ref should be tracking v ss during power-on and power-off if v s is established.
7/11 L6219 4 application informations some stepper motors are not designed for contin-uous operation at maximum current. as the circuit drives a constant current through the motor, its temperature might increase exceedingly both at low and high speed op- eration. also, some stepper motors have such high core losses that they are not suited for switch mode current regulation. unused inputs should be connected to proper voltage levels in order to get the highest noise immunity. as the circuit operates with switch mode current regulation, interference generation problems might arise in some ap- plications. a good measure might then be to decouple the circuit with a 100nf capacitor, located near the pack- age between power line and ground. the ground lead between rs, and circuit gnd should be kept as short as possible. a typical application circuit is shown in fig. 6. note that c t must be npo type or similar else. to sense the winding current, paralleled metal film resistors are recommended (r s ) figure 6. typical application circuit.
L6219 8/11 5 package information in order to meet environmental requirements, st offers these devices in ecopack ? packages. these packages have a lead-free second level interconnect . the category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with jedec standard jesd97. the maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ecopack is an st trademark. ecopack specifications are available at: www.st.com. figure 7. so24 mechanical data & package dimensions outline and mechanical data dim. mm inch min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a 2.35 2.65 0.093 0.104 a1 0.10 0.30 0.004 0.012 b 0.33 0.51 0.013 0.200 c 0.23 0.32 0.009 0.013 d (1) 15.20 15.60 0.598 0.614 e 7.40 7.60 0.291 0.299 e 1.27 0.050 h 10.0 10.65 0.394 0.419 h 0.25 0.75 0.010 0.030 l 0.40 1.27 0.016 0.050 k 0? (min.), 8? (max.) ddd 0.10 0.004 (1) ?d? dimension does not include mold flash, protusions or gate burrs. mold flash, protusions or gate burrs shall not exceed 0.15mm per side. so24 0070769 c weight: 0.60gr
9/11 L6219 figure 8. pdip-24 mechanical data & package dimensions dim. mm inch min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a 4.320 0.170 a1 0.380 0.015 a2 3.300 0.130 b 0.410 0.460 0.510 0.016 0.018 0.020 b1 1.400 1.520 1.650 0.055 0.060 0.065 c 0.200 0.250 0.300 0.008 0.010 0.012 d 31.62 31.75 31.88 1.245 1.250 1.255 e 7.620 8.260 0.300 0.325 e 2.54 0.100 e1 6.350 6.600 6.860 0.250 0.260 0.270 e1 7.620 0.300 l 3.180 3.430 0.125 0.135 m 0? min, 15? max. pdip 24 (0.300") a1 b e b1 d 13 12 24 1 l a e1 a2 c e1 sdip24l m 0034965 d outline and mechanical data
L6219 10/11 table 7. revision history date revision description of changes october 2001 7 first issue on the edocs dms. may 2005 8 changed the look & feel layout. modified table 6 on page 5. september 2005 9 change in the feature sections: ?wide voltage range 10v to 46v ? ?output current up to 750ma each winding?. december 2005 10 corrected in the table 5 the max. value of the ?v ref ? parameter from 2v to 7.5v. march 2006 11 corrected i ss(on) values in the table 5.
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